Dwarf+Planets

This is where you will put information and electronic presentation about the dwarf planets

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 * 5 dwarf planets (pluto, ceres, eris, makemake, haumea)
 * Difference between planets and dwarf is that planets clear the path around the sun and dwarf planets orbit in zones around
 * The IAU estimates there may be dozens or even more than 100 dwarf planets awaiting discovery.
 * 2006 was when dwarf planets were introduced to us

A dwarf planet:
 * Orbits the sun
 * Is not a moon
 * Generally smaller than the planet Mercury
 * not gravitationaly domininant so it shares its orbital space
 * they can have moons, pluto has 3

ERIS dwarf planet: -first spotted in January 2005. -large sphere of ice and rock similar to Pluto. -orbits the Sun on the edge of the Solar System. -diameter of Eris is about 2,500 km (1,553 miles).
 * In addition to Pluto and Eris, astronomers have labeled MakeMake, Haumea, and Ceres as dwarf planets.
 * The dwarf planets are located in various parts of the solar system, but most of them are in the Kuiper Belt.
 * Makemake is a [|dwarf planet] in our [|Solar System] . Makemake was discovered in March 2005 by a team of astronomers led by Mike Brown. Makemake officially became a dwarf planet in July 2008
 * Makemake is named after a [|god of the Rapa Nui people] of Easter Island
 * Makemake was discovered soon after Easter in 2005
 * Makemake is [|smaller than both Pluto and Eris] . Its diameter is between 1,300 and 1,900 km
 * Makemake may be covered with ice. That ice would probably be made of [|methane] and maybe [|ethane].
 * Pluto is the second largest known dwarf planet and tenth largest orbiting the Sun. From its time of discovery in 1930 to 2006 it was considered to be the ninth planet in the solar system, but because additional objects have been discovered including [|Eris] which is 27% more massive, the IAU reclassified Pluto and the other objects as dwarf planets.

Eris was discovered by Michael Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David Rabinowitz. When it was first discovered, it was given the temporary name "2003 UB313". Astronomers also called it by the nickname "Xena", after the main character in the TV show "Xena: Warrior Princess". Eris has a moon named Dysnomia. Before the moon's official name was announced, the moon had a nickname too. It was called "Gabrielle", the name of another character from the TV show. The orbit is not a circle, so Eris moves closer to and further from the Sun as it goes around. It takes Eris 557 years to go around one time.

What if dwarf planets were reinstalled into normal planets? Structure and exploration. Where



Sufficient internal pressure, caused by the body's gravitation, will turn a body plastic, and sufficient plasticity will allow high elevations to sink and hollows to fill in, a process known as gravitational relaxation. Bodies smaller than a few kilometers are dominated by non-gravitational forces and tend to be angular in shape. Larger objects, where gravitation is significant but not dominant, are "potato" shaped; the more massive the body is, the higher its internal pressure and the more rounded its shape, until it achieves maximum rounding at hydrostatic equilibrium. This is the defining limit of a dwarf planet.


 * 1) Ceres – discovered on January 1, 1801, 45 years before Neptune. Considered a planet for half a century before reclassification as an asteroid. Accepted as a dwarf planet by the IAU on September 13, 2006.
 * 2) Pluto – discovered on February 18, 1930. Classified as a planet for 76 years. Reclassified as a dwarf planet by the IAU on August 24, 2006.
 * 3) Haumea – discovered on December 28, 2004. Accepted by the IAU as a dwarf planet on September 17, 2008.
 * 4) Makemake – discovered on March 31, 2005. Accepted by the IAU as a dwarf planet on July 11, 2008.
 * 5) Eris – discovered on January 5, 2005. Called the "tenth planet" in media reports. Accepted by the IAU as a dwarf planet on September 13, 2006.

Future Plans: At present, the International Astronomical Union classifies five objects as dwarf planets, but dozens of others are thought likely to be classified as such in the future. The qualifying feature of dwarf planets is that they must "have sufficient mass for their self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that they assume a hydrostatic equilibrium (near-spherical shape.)







Pluto

Makemake

Eris

Ceres

Humea

Haumea is a large [|Kuiper Belt Object] (KBO). It is an icy world that [|orbits] far from the [|Sun] on the [|frozen fringes] of our Solar System. Because it is [|so far away], Haumea takes 285 years to [|orbit the Sun] once! Haumea is usually [|a bit further from the Sun] than Pluto. Haumea is [|smaller than both Pluto and Eris]. Haumea has an odd shape. It is not a sphere. It is spinning so quickly that it has been stretched into the shape of an ellipsoid (a 3D ellipse). Haumea is 1,960 km (1,218 miles) across at its longest. It is only about half that far across - 996 km (619 miles) - along its shortest axis.

Eris is the largest of the Dwarf planets and lies in the outer reaches of our solar system. Eris has a diameter of 2400km. It takes 557 years to orbit the sun and it lies 97 times farthe away from the sun than the earth.

Pluto orbits beyond the [|orbit] of [|Neptune] (usually). It is much smaller than any of the official planets and now classified as a "dwarf planet". Pluto is [|smaller] than seven of the solar system's moons (the [|Moon], [|Io], [|Europa], [|Ganymede], [|Callisto], [|Titan] and [|Triton]). Read more about [|Pluto l Pluto facts, pictures and information.] by [|nineplanets.org] Pluto was discovered in 1930 by a fortunate accident. Calculations which later turned out to be in error had predicted a planet beyond [|Neptune], based on the motions of [|Uranus] and Neptune. Not knowing of the error, [|Clyde W. Tombaugh] at [|Lowell] Observatory in Arizona did a very careful sky survey which turned up Pluto anyway. Read more about [|Pluto l Pluto facts, pictures and information.] by [|nineplanets.org] After the discovery of Pluto, it was quickly determined that Pluto was too small to account for the discrepancies in the orbits of the other planets. The search for [|Planet X] continued but nothing was found. Nor is it likely that it ever will be: the discrepancies vanish if the [|mass] of Neptune determined from the [|Voyager 2] encounter with Neptune is used. There is no Planet X. But that doesn't mean there aren't other objects out there, only that there isn't a relatively large and close one like Planet X was assumed to be. In fact, we now know that there are a very large number of small objects in the [|Kuiper Belt] beyond the [|orbit] of [|Neptune], some roughly the same size as Pluto. Read more about [|Pluto l Pluto facts, pictures and information.] by [|nineplanets.org]

Ceres is 4.5 billion years old close to the same age as the sun. It is located in the asteroid belt. The diameter of the planet is 590 mi. It takes 1680 days to orbit around the sun. It also has no moons.

WHAT IF? Dwarf planets were reinstalled into normal planets?

If dwarf planets were reinstalled into normal planets then that would completely change the way we look at our solar system and we would have to reteach our curriculum about what is really a planet. It would be changed because we would have to add them to diagrams. It would be challenging because there are many undiscovered dwarf planets, and if they are found we would have to keep adding them.

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